Given this mixed picture of moving forwards and sliding backwards, a key question is whether this is due to variable economic conditions across countries. This is explored by the statistics presented in Figure 16. Generally, there appears to be some relationship between starting points and child poverty reduction. Many of the countries that achieved the largest drops in child poverty were among the countries with lower gross national income (GNI) per person in 2012–2014. As with other patterns in this report, there is nevertheless variation in this picture: → Poland (PL) had roughly the same GNI per capita in 2012–2014 as Chile (CL), but by 2019–2021 had achieved a poverty reduction more than three times that achieved by Chile. → Canada (CA) and the United Kingdom (GB) had almost identical GNI per capita in 2012–2014 but moved in opposite directions. In fact, in 2012–2014, the United Kingdom had a lower average child poverty rate (17.3 per cent) than Canada (22.2 per cent). By 2019–2021 the situation had reversed: Canada’s rate was 17.2 per cent, while that of the United Kingdom was 20.7 per cent. Thus, national income is only part of the picture that explains failure and success in tackling child poverty. 29 Child Poverty in the Midst of Wealth Innocenti Report Card 18